Ernest Hemingway was an American modernist author in the 20th century. He published The Old Man and the Sea in 1952 and he won the Nobel Prize for Literature for this book in 1954. He published 7 novels, 6 short story collections and 2 non-fiction works. After his death, another 3 novels, 4 short story collections and 3 non-fiction works were published. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.